Pages: 318-324
Published: 30.05.2021
Abstract: Relevance of the topic. Today, it is necessary to fully pass on to future generations the varieties created by our people and preserved to this day, to preserve the gene pool and to select varieties suitable for export, which are in demand, to allocate primary sources for selection. Problem statement. Recently, there has been a disappearance of high-quality, disease-resistant local varieties of tomatoes in the country. However, the preservation of the assortment, gene pool, seed and production of such tomato varieties, as well as their delivery to local consumers is a problem of the industry. Today there is a problem of studying endangered, high-yielding, disease-resistant varieties of tomatoes adapted to local conditions, the creation of local varietal samples and the establishment of primary seed production. The purpose of the study. To study the disappearing, high-yielding, disease-resistant varieties of tomatoes adapted to local conditions and to establish primary seed production. Methods. Research work was carried out at the Department of "Vegetable, horticulture and potato growing" of Tashkent State Agrarian University, farm "Khamroev Khalil Bozorovich" Jondor district of Bukhara region for 2019-2020. At the same time, the main task was to sow the seeds of tomato varieties Volgograd 5/95 and Yusupovsky, which have been planted relatively little in the country in recent years, to obtain new seeds of pure variety and to renew their storage.. Of course, seed quality, moisture and storage conditions are important factors in increasing the germination of tomato seeds. The research was carried out in accordance with generally accepted requirements for phenological observations, biometric measurements, determination of disease resistance, yield and seed quality. Study of tomato varieties “Methodology of state sortoispytaniya selskokhozyaystvennykh kultur”. Issue IV Kartofel, baxchevye i ovoshchnye kultury (M. Kolos. 1975), «Metodika polevogo opyta» (Dospexov B.A., 1985), «Metodika opytnogo dela v ovoshchevodstve i baxchevodstve» (Belik V.F., 1992), based on the methodologies. Results of the work. In the cultivation of tomatoes of Volgograd 5/95 and Yusupovsky varieties, the average weight of fruit (128.6 - 269.5 g) is highest in seedlings planted on May 5-10, and relatively low (105.8 - 233.5) when seeds are planted in the ground on April 10-15. g) was found to have weight. The fruit of the Yusupovsky variety of tomato proved to be much larger in weight than the Volgograd 5/95 variety. In the experiment, the seed yield and seed yield of both varieties showed the highest results in the variant planted from seedlings on April 20-25, in Volgograd 5/95 variety seed yield was 19.5 t / ha and seed yield was 55.0 kg / ha and in Yusupovsky variety. seed yield was 22.1 t / ha and seed yield was 28.3 kg / ha. When analyzing the quality of tomato seeds, when the Volgograd 5/95 variety was planted from seedlings on April 20-25, the maximum weight of 1000 seeds was 3.44 grams, and the number of seeds per 1 gram, on the contrary, was 354.7. The results obtained on these indicators in the Yusupovsky navigator were much lower than in the Volgograd 5/95 navigator. The highest rate of this variety was 2.98 grams per 1000 seeds in the variant sown from seedlings on April 20-25, and the number of seeds per 1 gram, on the contrary, was 277.5. The highest rate of germination energy and germination of the obtained seeds was observed when both varieties were sown from 5-10 May seedlings. In the Volgograd 5/95 variety it was 81.8-97.6%, and in the Yusupovsky variety it was 79.5-96.9%. Scope of the results. It is recommended to use the technology of sowing and cultivation of these varieties in agriculture, farms and horticultural farms specializing in vegetables and melons. Conclusions. Seed yield and seed quality of Volgograd 5/95 and Yusupovsky varieties were determined for cultivation of tomatoes in private farms and farms. We hope that the restoration of endangered varieties of tomatoes in our country, increasing the volume of seeds and the establishment of seed production will bring high economic benefits.
Key words: tomato, variety samples, seeds, cultivation, yield, forgetfulness.
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