Zaki, S.B., Farooq, A., & Mughal, S.A.
Frequency of congenital heart disease among children from birth to 12 years age. |
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Full Article: PDF
Scientific Object Identifier: http://s-o-i.org/1.1/TAS-10-66-68
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15863/TAS.2018.10.66.68
Language: English
Citation: Zaki, S.B., Farooq, A., & Mughal, S.A. (2018). Frequency of congenital heart disease among children from birth to 12 years age. ISJ Theoretical & Applied Science, 10 (66), 592-596. Soi: http://s-o-i.org/1.1/TAS-10-66-68 Doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.15863/TAS.2018.10.66.68 |
Pages: 592-596
Published: 30.10.2018
Abstract: Objective: To find out frequency of congenital heart defects among children up to 12 years of age. Study design and Duration: This is a cross sectional study of observational type started in January 2018 and completed in August 2018 comprising on total duration of 8 months. Setting: Study was conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital “National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease” in a Karachi a city of Pakistan. Patients and Methods: Total 60 children were included in this study having ages from birth up to 12 years. Some of these cases were followed on OPD basis and others were admitted in the study institution. A performa was designed containing all relevant questions such as age, presenting complaint, history of congenital heart disease in siblings or family, way of birth elective or emergency cesarean, spontaneous birth and history of any maternal infection before birth of child. Proper history was taken bout the heart disease of children from their parents and proper examination of cases were done and all important points of history and examination were written down. ECG, echocardiography and rest of the necessary investigations were done within in the hospital and its expenses were not put on the parents. Consent was taken from parents of children for including children in study and also from ethical committee of the hospital. P-value less than 0.05 was considered significant and above this insignificant. Data was analyzed on SPSS version 2014 and frequencies and percentages were calculated. Results were presented via tables and graphs. Results: In this study 60 children were included of various age groups from birth to 12 years age. There were 40% cases having age up to 3 years, 23.3% between 4-6 years, 20% between 7-9 years and 16.7% between 10-12 years of age. Presenting complaints include respiratory distress in most of the cases (55%), cyanosis in 11.7% cases, anorexia in 15% cases, edema in 3.3%, clubbing of fingers in 6.7% and syncope was in 8.3% cases. Various congenital heart defects reported were ASD in 33.3%, PDA in 21.7%, VSD in 18.3%, Myxomatus valve in 15%, congenital heart disease in 5%, double outlet right ventricle seen in 3.3%, transposition of great arteries in 5% cases, Atrio ventricular septal defects in 6.7% cases, tetralogy of fallots in 3.3%, persistent superior vena cava in 3.3% and cardiomyopathy was seen in only one case. Conclusion: Atrial septal defect is a most common congenital heart defect and respiratory distress is most common presenting complaint in children with CHD. There are many risk factors of this abnormaliy out of which common are maternal infections during pregnancy and use of drugs during first trimester.
Key words: heart defects, congenital, ASD, VSD.
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